![]() Significant condition main effects emerged for fundamental frequency deviation, vocal SPL, fluent reading rate, and disfluency. Findings showed that both stutterers and normals altered several features of voicing from the habitual to the two experimental conditions. Objective measures were taken of subjects' fundamental frequency, fundamental frequency deviation, vocal SPL, and fluent reading rate. Normal speakers and stutterers read aloud in an habitual condition following instructions to read at higher- and lower-than-normal pitches. In this formulation, the improved fluency that stutterers experience in various novel conditions is attributed to changes in the key correlates of stress, namely, fundamental frequency, vocal SPL, and rate. ![]() This study was conducted to provide an indirect test of Wingate's “modified vocalization” hypothesis. ![]()
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